Ammonia and ammonium compounds
Ammonia (NH₃) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) are related but distinct nitrogen forms. Their balance in water depends on conditions such as pH and temperature.
Ammonia, NH₃
NH₃ is a colorless gas with a sharp odor, used as a chemical feedstock and fertilizer precursor. It dissolves in water and participates in equilibria that can form ammonium. Exposure hazards require compound-specific safety guidance.
Ammonium, NH₄⁺
The ammonium ion occurs in salts such as ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate and in soil chemistry. Hydrazine (N₂H₄) and hydroxylamine (NH₂OH) are other nitrogen-hydrogen compounds with different structures and hazards. This overview has no preparation instructions.
Sources and further reading
These references are starting points. Check the source directly for definitions, dates, units, and context. This is an educational overview, not an operating manual or professional advice.
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